| Abstract In recent years, with the continuous rise in the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and the increasing burden of its cardiovascular, renal, and metabolic complications, the goals of diabetes management have gradually shifted from traditional glucose lowering alone to a patient-centered model of comprehensive risk management that also emphasizes weight management and cardiorenal protection. In parallel, diabetes-related guidelines and expert consensus statements, both in China and internationally, have been continuously updated, placing greater emphasis on cardiovascular risk stratification, chronic kidney disease management, body weight control, and individualized treatment decisions guided by comorbidities in addition to glycemic control. In this context, incretin-based therapies, represented by glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide/glucagon-like peptide-1 dual receptor agonists (GIP/GLP-1 dual receptor agonists), have gained progressively greater prominence in guideline recommendations owing to the growing body of evidence supporting their benefits in glucose lowering, weight reduction, and partial cardiorenal protection. This article reviews the evolution of diabetes management concepts in light of major recent domestic and international diabetes guidelines and consensus statements, with a particular focus on the changing positioning of incretin-based therapies in guideline recommendations, in order to provide a reference for clinical practice. |
